Textile Term: Encapsulation
The process of enclosing or entrapping one substance within another material, creating a barrier of protection around it, is known as the textile process, encapsulation. This technique is highly versatile and has been used in textiles for a variety of purposes, including the addition of functional properties to the fabric or enhancing its performance.
The use of microcapsules is a popular form of encapsulation in textiles. Microcapsules are small particles filled with a desired substance, such as a fragrance, dye, or antimicrobial agent. These microcapsules are embedded within the fibers of the fabric or coated onto its surface, allowing for controlled release of the substance over time.
For example, microencapsulated fragrances can be added to clothing to provide long-lasting scents, while antimicrobial microcapsules can be used in healthcare textiles to prevent the growth of bacteria and other harmful microorganisms.
Encapsulation can also enhance the durability and water-repellency of fabrics. In this case, the encapsulating material is often a polymer. These polymer coatings around the fibers of the fabric can improve its resistance to wear and tear, and its ability to repel water and stains.
Apart from its practical advantages, encapsulation can also increase the aesthetic appeal of textiles. Encapsulated metallic or glittery particles can create a shimmering effect. Similarly, encapsulated pigments can be used to create vibrant, long-lasting colors in textiles.
