Textile Term: Twist
Twist, a crucial property of textile yarns, refers to the helical arrangement of fibers or yarns along their axis, with the number of turns per unit length, expressed in turns per inch (TPI) or turns per meter (TPM).
The level of twist depends on multiple factors, including the fiber type, yarn count, spinning method, and intended end-use, which ultimately influence the strength, appearance, texture, and performance of the resulting fabric.
Twist gives the yarn its cohesiveness and durability by interlocking the fibers. Soft and pliable yarns require less twist and are ideal for lightweight garments, while compact, resilient yarns with minimal drapes, require high levels of twist and are suitable for heavier fabrics.
The amount of twist also affects the appearance of the yarn and the fabric made from it, with high-twist yarns exhibiting more texture and shadow effects.
Not only is the level of twist important but also the direction of the twist. Yarns can be twisted in either S-twist (clockwise) or Z-twist (counter-clockwise), based on the spinning method and intended end-use. This choice of twist direction can significantly impact the appearance and performance of the resulting fabric, particularly when two or more yarns are combined in a woven or knitted structure.
Thus, twist plays a pivotal role in the creation of textiles and must be carefully considered during the manufacturing process to ensure the desired properties of the final product.
