Archaeology Term: Harris Matrix
The Harris Matrix is a tool developed by Dr. Edward C. Harris in 1973 to simplify the representation and interpretation of stratigraphy at archaeological sites.
It allows archaeologists to visually record the sequence and relationships of layers and features in a site through a flowchart-style diagram.
Traditionally, archaeologists use cross-section drawings to depict stratigraphy, showing the layers of soil and features at a site. However, the Harris Matrix takes this a step further by creating a clear, chronological sequence of these layers, helping to better understand the site's development over time.
The Harris Matrix is organized like a flowchart, with each box representing a stratigraphic unit or feature. These boxes are linked by lines that indicate the chronological relationships between the units, making it easy to see which layers were deposited before others.
This method provides a visual record of the site's stratigraphy that can be more easily interpreted than traditional drawings. The Harris Matrix helps archaeologists understand the relative dating of layers, revealing how different features were constructed or deposited over time.
One of the main advantages of the Harris Matrix is its ability to simplify complex stratigraphic relationships. Archaeological sites often contain multiple layers and features that are interwoven, and the matrix helps to clarify the sequence of events by presenting them in a linear, easily understandable format.
In addition to its visual clarity, the Harris Matrix is a useful tool for organizing and summarizing data. It allows archaeologists to efficiently compare different excavation units or sections of a site and track changes in stratigraphy across different areas.
The Harris Matrix also serves as a valuable reference for future research. By recording the stratigraphic sequence of a site, archaeologists can revisit the matrix when analyzing new finds or reconsidering the interpretation of past discoveries.
While the Harris Matrix is widely used in archaeological excavations, it is not without its limitations. The method assumes that the stratigraphic sequence can be represented in a straightforward, linear manner, which may not always be the case in more complex sites.
In conclusion, the Harris Matrix is an essential tool in archaeological stratigraphy, helping to clarify the sequence and relationships of layers at a site. It simplifies the interpretation of stratigraphy, provides a visual record of site development, and enhances the accuracy and efficiency of archaeological research.
