Archaeology Term: Balk
A balk, a vertical wall of earth left standing between excavation units, is a crucial tool in archaeological excavation, serving to maintain stratigraphic integrity and facilitate the analysis of site stratigraphy.
When archaeologists excavate a site, they typically divide the area into a grid of square units. To ensure that the stratigraphic layers within each unit can be accurately interpreted, they leave narrow strips of earth, or balks, between adjacent units.
These balks act as vertical sections through the archaeological deposit, allowing researchers to observe the sequence of layers and identify any changes or disturbances in the stratigraphy.
By studying the stratigraphy of a site, archaeologists can reconstruct the sequence of events that occurred at the site, from the earliest occupation to the most recent. Balks play a critical role in this process by providing a clear visual record of the stratigraphic layers and their relationships to one another.
In addition to their stratigraphic importance, balks can also help to prevent the collapse of excavation units and protect delicate artifacts from damage. By leaving intact walls of earth between units, archaeologists can minimize the risk of structural instability and ensure the preservation of fragile finds.
While the use of balks is a standard practice in archaeological excavation, the specific techniques and strategies employed may vary depending on the site, the research questions, and the local conditions.
By carefully planning and executing excavations, archaeologists can maximize the value of their research and contribute to our understanding of the human past.
