Archaeology Term: Electrical Resistivity
Electrical resistivity is a remote sensing technique used in archaeology to detect underground features by measuring variations in electrical flow through soil.
It works by introducing a small electrical current into the ground and observing how easily it moves through different subsurface materials.
Soil, rock, and buried artifacts have varying levels of electrical resistance, which can indicate the presence of archaeological features. High-resistance areas may suggest compact structures like walls or foundations, while low-resistance areas can indicate ditches, pits, or other disturbances.
This method is non-invasive, allowing archaeologists to explore sites without excavation. It provides a map of potential subsurface anomalies, helping researchers pinpoint specific areas of interest for more detailed investigation.
Electrical resistivity is especially useful for locating features associated with human activity, such as buildings, roads, and graves. By mapping these patterns, archaeologists can better understand site layout and cultural use of space.
In practice, electrodes are inserted into the ground in a grid pattern, and the data is processed to reveal resistivity contrasts. These contrasts guide archaeologists in identifying likely areas of past human occupation or construction.
Overall, electrical resistivity is a valuable tool in archaeology, enabling efficient, non-destructive exploration of ancient sites. It aids in uncovering hidden cultural features, advancing the study of human history beneath the surface.
